Thursday, November 4, 2010
8:00 Registration, Exhibit Viewing/Poster Setup, Coffee and Pastries
8:50 Organizer’s Welcome and Opening Remarks
9:00 Metal Fluoride Conversion Nanocomposites: An Alternative Road for Lithium Based Energy Storage
Glenn G. Amatucci, PhD, Professor, Director, CASSI / ESRG, Dept of Materials Science and Engineering, Rutgers University
Metal fluoride electrodes have been of interest as high energy density electrodes for lithium batteries for over three decades, however, the theoretical electrochemical activity of such materials remained elusive as a result of their high bandgap and poor charge transport characteristics. Our laboratory first introduced the use of electronically and mixed conducting matrices to form nanocomposites of such materials which resulted in the revelation of the theoretical voltages and high energy densities of some of the most promising fluorides and oxyfluorides. This presentation will overview the science, practical performance, and the remaining challenges of a few attractive yet contrasting fluoride electrodes.
9:30 Panasonic’s Advanced Lithium Ion Batteries
Koshin Hosoki, Engineer, Lithium-Ion Battery Business Unit, Energy Company, Panasonic Corporation
Lithium ion batteries have attracted a great deal of public attention as the key devices for realizing 'green-energy' society. We have developed new technologies for advanced batteries.
1) Ni based oxide New Platform (NNP) as high energy technology; 2) Panasonic Solid Solution (PSS) as high reliability technology; 3) Heat Resistance Layer (HRL) as high safety technology. In this presentation, we report the performance of lithium ion battery using these technologies, and introduce our product lineup.
10:00 Proactive Remedies to Battery Thermal Runaways
Rachid Yazami, PhD, Research Director at CNRS; Visiting Associate in Engineering,
California Institute of Technology
'Entropymetry' is a new electrochemical technique that consists on analyzing the temperature dependance of OCV at different battery states of charge. The resulting entropy profile bears highly accurate information on phase transitions taking place at the anode and the cathode and as such, can be used to identify the battery chemistry, determine its state of charge and its state of health. Onsets of electrode materials degradation can be seen in the entropy signature and be used proactively to assess risks of battery thermal runaway and potential catching fire and/or exploding. We will discuss the usefulness of entropymetry in the crucial safety aspect.
10:30 Networking Refreshment Break, Exhibit/Poster Viewing
11:00 Battery Management Solutions for New Lithium Chemistries & Applications: Power Tools to HEVs, Li-Phosphate to Li-Titanate
Dan Friel, Sector Manager, Battery Management Solutions, Texas Instruments
Lithium rechargeable batteries are finding use in more and diverse applications ranging from power tools to hybrid electric vehicles. New chemistry formulations such as Li-phosphate and Li-titanate are also being developed for these devices. But unlike traditional laptop and cell phone battery management systems, these new applications and chemistries require different battery management architectures that may segment monitoring, protection, measurement, calculation, and control. This presentation will discuss the common design challenges and illustrate how to select the right architecture and components for these applications and chemistries.
11:30 High Throughput Synthesis and Screening for Discovery of Improved Electrode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries
Steven Kaye, PhD, Chief Scientific Officer, Wildcat Discovery Technologies
Wildcat has developed a platform for combinatorial synthesis and screening of battery materials that can evaluate >1500 cells/week. Wildcat's system produces materials in bulk form rather than thin films, enabling formulation of active material into electrodes and evaluation of properties in complete cells. This allows rapid development of the active materials, formulation, and electrolyte. Here, I will discuss Wildcat's materials development program, including results from our first electrode material libraries.
12:00 High Energy Density Li/CFx Battery Technology
Mario DeStephen, PhD, Eagle Picher Technologies*
The Li/CFx system attracts extensive attention due to its highest specific capacity, and long shelf life. However, due to the intrinsic physicochemical properties of CFx materials, Li/CFx batteries have been limited to low rate applications and narrow operation temperature range. This paper describes the work at Eagle Picher Technologies on the development of high performance Li/CFx systems capable of delivering high capacity at high discharge currents with wide operational temperature range.
*In collaboration with: Hyun Bang, Dong Sun, Dong Zhang
2:00 How Nanotechnology Will Revolutionize Lithium Ion Batteries for Electronics
Jurgen Hofler, PhD, VP of Operations and Engineering, Nanosys, Inc.
Lithium ion batteries will power our future's electronics and electric vehicles, and enhance energy storage. However, progress in storage specific capacity has been limited to only 6% improvement per year over the past two decades. We will outline the science behind how Nanosys' process-ready silicon nanowire composite additive, SiNANOde™ technology can increase specific storage capacity by 25% in a single cost-effective step when added to the anode of the battery.
2:30 3x Capacity from Silicon-Nanowire Based Lithium Ion Batteries
Yi Cui, PhD, Associate Professor, Nanomaterials Science and Engineering, Dept of Materials
Science & Engineering, Stanford University; and
Lead Scientific Advisor, Amprius, Inc.
Amprius is developing breakthrough silicon nanowire-based anode technology from Stanford University, paving the way for commercially viable next generation lithium ion batteries capable of 3x the energy density available from today's state of the art lithium ion batteries. Amprius will show previously unreleased data related to energy density and cycle life in prototype battery cells exceeding 1000mAh/g and 1000 cycles with minimal performance degradation, as well as discuss mitigation strategies, solutions, and data regarding cycle life degradation in silicon-based LIBs.
3:00 Structural Silicon Anode Materials for PHEV Applications
Michael J. Lain, Nexeon Ltd, United Kingdom
Structural silicon anode materials offer significantly higher capacities than conventional carbon anodes, as either fibres or pillared particles. They can be manufactured by a wet chemical etching process, at a competitive cost. Composite structural silicon anodes using polymeric binders can be cycled over several hundred cycles, in full cells with standard cathode materials. Initial results will be presented evaluating these materials on representative PHEV duty cycles, e.g. charge depleting and charge sustaining modes.
3:30 Networking Refreshment Break, Exhibit/Poster Viewing
4:00 Advanced Anode Graphites for High Performance Batteries
Bharat S. Chahar, PhD, PE, Product Manager, ConocoPhillips Company
ConocoPhillips is continuing to expand the availability of targeted anode materials for high performance Li-ion batteries by introducing several new grades of of CPreme® graphite products. These new grades provide more flexibility to battery makers while advancing performance and lowering costs. This presentation will discuss the new features of CPreme® anode materials and how these features will help broaden the adaptation of Li-ion batteries.
4:30 Simple Modular Lithium Nanophosphate Battery Systems
Roger Lin, Director of Product Marketing, A123 Systems, Inc. A123 Systems is developing a family of fully integrated, managed batteries based on A123's Nanophosphate™ lithium-ion cells designed for integration into a variety of different applications, including backup power. The advantages of an off-the-shelf, integrated scalable modular battery system using A123's Nanophosphate™ energy storage include high durability, long cycle life, high power delivery, and high abuse tolerance and safety, making it an attractive solution to energy storage needs.
5:00 Lithium Air Batteries: Development of a Functional 3-Dimensional 3-Phase Gas-Diffusion-Electrode in Non-Aqueous Electrolyte
Deyang Qu, PhD, Assistant Professor, Dept of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Boston
The gas-diffusion-electrode used in a Li-air cell has been studied in a unique home-made electrochemical cell. Three major obstacles for the development of a feasible Li-air system were discussed with a focus on the development of a functional gas-diffusion-electrode in non-aqueous electrolytes and the way of avoiding the passivation of gas-diffusion-electrodes caused by the deposition of the reduction products. The importance of establishing the 3-phase electrochemical interface in non-aqueous electrolyte is demonstrated by creating air-diffusion paths and an air saturated portion for an air-cathode.
5:30 The Regulatory Maze of Lithium Ion
Tom O'Hara, Intertek
This paper discusses the regulatory maze which now exists, created by a number of separate organizations to help protect ourselves and others from the hazards associated with batteries and cells. And this need has been highlighted in recent years because of highly publicized incidents and recalls involving lithium ion batteries. The list of regulations can be overwhelming and confusing. We hope this general overview helps provide some level of clarity and understanding.
Friday, November 5, 2010
7:30 Exhibit/Poster Viewing, Coffee and Pastries
8:30 NCM Cathode Materials for High Energy Density as well as Safety Relevant Applications Such as e-Mobility
Kirill G. Bramnik, PhD, Global Product Technology Manager, Battery Materials, BASF Corporation
NCM (Nickel-Cobalt-Manganese based oxides) cathode materials employ a unique combination of lithium and manganese rich mixed metal oxides in a revolutionary materials-design approach to extend the operating time between charges, increase the calendar life and improve the inherent safety of Li-Ion cells. Moreover, the enhanced stability of the NCM chemistry enables development of new battery systems, which can be charged to higher voltages and leads to a substantially higher energy storage capacity than currently available material through higher capacity per unit weight of active material. Due to very high degrees of purity and excellent product characteristics, the BASF materials are well suited for demanding applications such as batteries for automotive drivetrains.
9:00 TIAX CAM-7 High Capacity, High Power Cathode Material
Brian M. Barnett, PhD, Vice President, Technology, TIAX LLC
For several years, TIAX has been developing a stabilized nickelate cathode material that provides a unique combination of both high capacity and high power, and is an excellent option for portable, transportation and specialty applications. Production of CAM-7 has involved novel control of synthetic conditions to achieve control of materials properties in a low cost process. The material has been implemented in cells by multiple battery manufacturers and a variety of "traditional" problems associated with performance and handling of nickelate compounds have been addressed. In the process of implementation of CAM-7 over the last year, TIAX has made a number of adjustments in the composition and process by which CAM-7 is synthesized. This presentation will discuss new data regarding performance, safety testing and implementation considerations for CAM-7.
9:30 Cathode Materials Degradation Mechanism from Thermodynamics and Crystal Structure Studies
Yasunori Baba, Chief Researcher, Sho Tsuruta, Researcher, Katsunori Yanagida, Manager, and Hiroshi Nakamura, PhD, Senior Manager, SANYO Electric Co., Ltd., Japan; and
Rachid Yazami, PhD, Research Director at CNRS; Visiting Associate in Engineering, California Institute of Technology
Conventional layered oxide cathode (e.g. LiCoO2) gives a capacity of ~160mAh/g when charged to 4.3V vs. Li/Li+, corresponding to ~60% of theoretical capacity. Increasing operating potential is one method to increase usable capacity of the active material. However, structural change of the material at potential above 4.5V vs. Li/Li+ could limit reversibility of Li intercalation. Electrochemical entropy measurement has been used to study the structural change of LixMO2 (where M is a transition metal) up to 4.6V vs Li/Li+ where most of the Li atoms are extracted. We will discuss the phase transition and degradation mechanism of layered cathode materials.
10:00 Large Format Li4Ti5O12 Lithium Ion Batteries - Performance and Applications
Veselin Manev, PhD, Director R&D, Altairnano Inc.
The performance of high rate long life cells with nano-Li4Ti5O12 negative electrodes developed for both automotive and stationary power application will be discussed. Cycle life and calendar life performance data will be presented. Data from accelerated calendar life test measurement performed for more than 30 months, suggesting capacity fade below 1% after 25 years calendar life at room temperature will be displayed. Data for elevated temperature cycling performance and self-discharge rate will be also presented. Performance of battery system using these large format cells will be also discussed.
10:30 Networking Refreshment Break, Exhibit/Poster Viewing
11:00 Latest Advances in Ultra-High Specific Energy Rechargeable Li-Air Batteries Based On Protected Lithium Metal Electrodes
Steven J. Visco, PhD, Chief Technical Officer and Vice President, PolyPlus Battery Company
Abstract not available at time of printing. Please visit www.KnowledgeFoundation.com for the latest Program updates.
11:30 Materials for Enhancing the Safety and Performance of Li-Ion Cells
Ratnakumar V. Bugga, PhD, Principal Member Technical Staff, Electrochemical Technologies Group, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology*
For the upcoming NASA missions that will involve human exploration, there is a need to improve the safety of Li-ion cells, in addition to enhancing their performance. Under a NASA-sponsored program and in collaboration with other centers (NASA-GRC, and JSC), universities and industry partners, we, at JPL, have undertaken studies on developing new cathode materials with enhanced thermal stability and new electrolyte formulations with reduced flammability. In this presentation, we will present the safety and performance characteristics as well as basic electrochemical studies of the materials in laboratory cells.
*In collaboration with: W. West, M.C. Smart
12:00 Structural Changes during Heating and Cycling of Layer-Structured and Olivine-Structured Cathode Materials Studied by HRTEM and In Situ XRD and XAS
Xiao-Qing Yang, PhD, Principle Investigator, Chemistry Dept, Brookhaven National Laboratory*
We report our studies on the structural changes in cathode materials during heating with and without electrolytes, as well as the structural differences between the surface and the bulk during heating. Our studies on Co, Al, Mn doped LiNiO2-based materials using time-resolved X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) show phase transformations during heating. Due to averaging nature of X-ray techniques, detailed information about how the structure changes initiated and propagated through new phase nucleation and growth in the microscopic level is quite limited. We present our in-situ HRTEM studies on the structural changes of over charged Li0.0Ni0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 and Li0.0Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O cathode materials during heating, in comparison with our XRD and XAS studies. Rock-salt structure and spinel structure, which only observed at elevated temperatures using X-ray techniques, were presented at the edges and thin areas of the particles, respectively even at room temperature. This implies that after overcharging, the particles start losing some oxygen atoms near the particle surface, resulting in the structural changes. More detailed structural changes during heating will also be reported. The in depth understanding of the structural changes during charge-discharge cycles will provide guidance for developing new materials. Using synchrotron based in situ XRD, hard and soft x-ray XAS, and TEM, the structural changes of these materials have been studied during charge-discharge cycling. The differences of phase transition processes between the surface and the bulk will be discussed.
*In collaboration with: K-W.Nam, X.J.Wang, Y.N.Zhou, H.S.Lee, L.J.Wu, Y.Zhu, BNL, and H.Li, X.Huang, L.Chen, Inst. of Physics, CAS, PR China
12:30 Advanced Manufacturing Process for High Speed Deposition of Solid State Electrolyte Layers for Li-Based Batteries
Susie Eustis, PhD, Research Scientist, and
Derek Hass, PhD, Director of R&D, Directed Vapor Technologies International, Inc.
Gas jet assisted physical vapor deposition processes have been demonstrated to enable a unique combination of high deposition rates (up to 80µm/min.), high coating quality (compositionally and microstructurally controlled) and non line-of-sight deposition. One such approach, Directed Vapor Deposition, has recently been used to create thin (~10µm) LiPON electrolytes (as well as LiMnO2 cathodes) with ionic conductivities in the 10-6 S/cm range while achieving deposition rates >40x those of RF sputtering. Results showing the dense coating structure, composition and ionic conductivity will be presented.
1:00 Lunch on Your Own
2:00 Thermal Stability of Lithium-Ion Cells as Functions of Chemistry, Design and Energy
Kevin C. White, PhD, Senior Managing Scientist, Exponent, Inc.
This presentation compares the thermal stability of commercially available 18650 cells. The results are compared with respect to contributions from cell chemistry, cell design and stored energy. Lithium cobalt dioxide based cells with designs optimized for applications ranging from high rate to high capacity were compared to high power LiFePO4 cells. It was found that the thermal stability is a strong function of stored energy and the degree of graphite lithiation, and is relatively independent of positive electrode chemistry.
2:30 Application Driven Complex Lithium-Ion Power Systems Development and Integration
William J. Yalen, Li-ion Systems Program Manager/Lead Program Engineer, Yardney Technical Products, Inc. / Lithion, Inc.
Application driven development of advanced mobile Lithium-ion power systems and integration of new technological capabilities requires clear understanding of specific application requirements, detailed yet flexible planning, careful balancing of aggressive advancement goals vs. associated risks, and effective coordination of diverse multi-disciplinary teams. Like a high-performance engine, even with the right parts, the difference between success and failure can be a matter of fine timing and balance to ensure smooth meshing of all components to achieve overall success. Key technological, product development, and project management factors will be presented, as they relate to specific examples of state of the art capability developments for high-power / high energy / high performance aircraft, submarine, spacecraft, military, medical, and vehicular applications.
3:00 Advanced Technologies for Li-Ion Battery Formation/Grading Process
John Tessitore, Chroma ATE, Inc.
A discussion of key features for the Battery Formation and Grading process which overcome the hurdles present in the current manufacturing process including the following technologies: 1) Redundant DC Power Sources; 2) Energy Recycling of the DC Discharge Energy; 3) Real Time test probe status monitoring; 4) Battery Voltage Tracking of linear-charging sources; 5) Single fault over-charge prevention; 6) Temperature compensation for capacity grading.
3:30 Networking Refreshment Break, Exhibit/Poster Viewing
4:00 Computer Aided Engineering for Battery Design
Steve Hartridge, Director, Electric & Hybrid Vehicles, CD-adapco, United Kingdom
The increasing electrification of vehicles has provided a new challenge for numerical simulation techniques within this automotive design process. As the installation of an increasingly significant battery represents one of the largest design changes to modern vehicles, and also a noticeable increase in cost, there is considerable demand for such technology. The talk will detail the state of the art in this simulation field.
4:30 Efficient and Accurate Computational Tools for Evaluating Performance Targets of Lithium-ion Cells and Cell Components
Kevin L. Gering, PhD, Principal Investigator, Applied Battery Research, Energy Storage & Transportation Systems, Idaho National Laboratory
Increasing materials research worldwide calls for a commensurate increase in computational tools that keep pace with battery technology development. This presentation covers two key areas: electrolyte characterization and optimization, and a generalized approach toward characterizing and predicting cell aging processes. Key electrolyte properties and parameters (transport, thermodynamics, ion solvation, molecular-scale interactions) are provided by our Advanced Electrolyte Model that has a basis in molecular-scale chemical physics. Aging processes are investigated through synergistic combinations of diagnostic testing and mechanism-based models.
5:00 Evaluation Protocols of Micro-Scale Energy Storage Systems for Wireless Sensor Systems Applications
Valer Pop, Dr Ing, IMEC Micropower, The Netherlands*
The development activities of high-energy density micro-scale energy storage systems (ESS) have been rapidly growing over the last decade. However, standardized test methods to compare the ESS performances of different developers are not available. This presentation will discuss - New ESS evaluation protocols tailored for wireless sensor systems applications - Benchmarking results of various ESS - ESS selection for integration. To the best of our knowledge, an evaluation protocol for micro-scale ESS is proposed for the first time and validated under application-oriented test conditions.
*In collaboration with: R. Elfrink, C. De Alwis, R. van Schaijk, R. Vullers
5:30 Selected Oral Poster Highlights and Discussion
6:00 End of Conference
