BioMEMS 2001Nanofabrication and Analytical Techniques for Biomedical Microsystem ApplicationsMay 17 - 18, 2001 • Radisson Inn • Sunnyvale, CA USA [ Overview | Agenda | Call for Posters | Register ] View Electronic Brochure (PDF)OverviewThe significant advancements of bioMEMS applications within areas such as drug delivery, lab diagnostics and microfluidic devices has lead to exciting improvements in nanofabrication techniques. This third international conference focuses on the latest in bioMEMS analytical and microfabrication research and technology. BioMEMS 2001 features an internationally recognized faculty of academic, government and industry leaders. who will provide you with the most recent developments in: Do not miss this opportunity to find out about the latest state-of-the-art knowledge within this everchanging area of science. You will hear of new discoveries, case studies and the strategies to keep you at the cutting edge of bioMEMS discoveries. DISTINGUISHED FACULTY Tejal Desai, University of Illinois at Chicago-Conference Chair Fumihito Arai, Nagoya University, Japan Holger Bartos, STEAG microParts GmbH, Germany Piet Bergveld, University of Twente, Netherlands Anja Boissen, Technical University of Denmark Cleo Cabuz, Honeywell-GE Dave Cullen, Cranfield University, UK Peter Dehlinger, Iota Pi Law Group Andrew de Mello, Imperial College, UK Vincent Gau, GeneFluidics Piotr Grodzinski, Motorola Labs Carl Grove, iMEDD Michael Heller, Nanogen Jim Jacobson, Baxter Healthcare Koji Ikuta , Nagoya University, Japan James Klemic, Yale University Anantha Krishnan, DARPA Yuehe Lin, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Kurt Petersen, Cepheid-Lunch Sponsor Dennis Polla, University of Minnesota Antonio Ricco, ACLARA Bioscience Shuvo Roy, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation John Santini, Jr., MicroChips, Inc. Andrew Swiecki, Intellisense Amy Wang, Lawrence Livermore National Labs RELATED LINKSJournal of Micromechanics and Microengineering MEMS Exchange AgendaThursday, May 17, 20018:00 Registration, Poster/Exhibit Set Up, Coffee and Pastries EMERGING ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES8:50 Chairperson's Opening Remarks 9:00 Chemical & Biological Synthesis within Microfluidic Devices Miniaturization of conventional analytical instrumentation has been one of the dominant themes within the physical and biological sciences during the last decade. In particular, development of the concept of a miniaturized total analysis system (µ-TAS) or lab-on-a-chip has yielded distinct systems for clinical diagnostics, genetic analysis, chemical synthesis, drug screening, and environmental monitoring. In analogy to microelectronic development, the downsizing and integration of chemical processes leads to huge gains in performance, speed, size, throughput, cost and automation. The lecture will describe the use of distinct microfabricated structures for performing both small molecule organic reactions and nucleic acid synthesis. 9:30 Ultrasonic and Dielectrophoretic Sample Handling
ACLARA develops single-use plastic microfluidic array platforms and novel fluorescent assay chemistries for pharmaceutical screening and genetic analysis applications, including nucleic acid sequencing, genotyping, and gene expression analysis. We have adapted to microfluidic operation a range of screening assays traditionally performed on standard 96-well plates, and we have developed a new technology to perform ultra-low volume (200 nL) homogeneous pharmaceutical screening assays, demonstrating up to a 100-fold reduction in expensive enzyme usage. 10:30 Refreshment break and Poster/Exhibit Viewing 11:00 Disposable Microwell Arrays for High Throughput Protein Biochemical Assays The identification of the function of gene products is an important challenge in post-genomic research. Inexpensive, arrayed microwells have been developed for high throughput screening of protein biochemical activity. Utility has been demonstrated through the simultaneous assay of 119 Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein kinases for phosphorylation of 17 different protein substrates. These arrays, as tested, permit the simultaneous measurement of hundreds of protein samples, however, array densities may be increased by several orders of magnitude. With the development of appropriate sample handling and measurement techniques, these arrays may be adapted for the simultaneous assay of several thousand to millions of proteins. 11:30 Generic MEMS Technologies for Lab-On-A-Chip Analytical Instrumentation A macro analytical instrument contains usually many components of electrical, mechanical and chemical origin. Miniaturization of such instruments can make use of the general trend of miniaturization of the different components, but the total composition of the instrument will then still be hybrid. Several procedures have been developed in the last decade to give this hybrid approach some generic aspects. Standardization of dimensions and intermediate distances for electrical and fluidic connectors, independent of the technological process by which the specific component has been produced, may lead to a generic assembly process, like a stack approach or a planar board approach. However, for lab-on-a-chip developments a monolithic design is required, in which case all components of the system are integrated in one and the same substrate. In that case a generic process for making the different components is an absolute necessity, meaning that the liquid handling components, like a pump, a mixer, a reactor, etc., as well as the sensing devices should be made in one and the same technology. 12:00 High Speed & High Purity Separation of Microbe in Microchip We developed a new system for random separation of a single microorganism, such as a microbe, in the micro fluidic device under the microscope by integrating the laser-trapping force and dielectrophoretic force. An arbitrary selected single microbe is isolated in a microchannel, even though there are a large number of microbes in solution and is extracted in short time. 12:30 Electrochemical DNA Microsensor for Biological Identification The enzyme-based electrochemical biosensor is primarily motivated by the need for a highly sensitive and selective protocol capable of rapid monitoring the concentration of bacteria, virus or various biological species for field use. Such a protocol would operate remotely, and would be fully automated, compact, and robust. The combination of MEMS technology with established DNA technology leads to a highly specific and sensitive detector for pathogenic bacteria. 1:00 Lunch, Sponsored by Cepheid Corporation As the human genome project hails success, as SNP databanks expand, and as genomic information on every living organism becomes readily available, the practical application of this information in everyday diagnostic situations remains elusive. Identification of infectious organisms, determination of antibiotic resistance, detection of cancerous mutations, forensic identification, and SNP analysis all still take up to several days to complete. This presentation will describe a new generation of rapid, fully integrated and automated DNA analysis systems which are revolutionizing the practical application of DNA diagnostics. ADVANCES IN DRUG DELIVERY AND MEDICAL APPLICATIONS2:10 Chairperson's Opening Remarks 2:15 Biomedical Microdevices for Therapeutic Targeting and Delivery As novel therapeutic applications of microfabrication technology, microparticles and microcapsules are described for the in vivo delivery of biomolecular agents. These therapeutic delivery vehicles are created via the use of bulk and surface micromachining techniques and tailored surface chemistries to present uniform and well-controlled reservoirs and pore sizes as small as 10 nanometers. Through its ability to achieve highly controlled microarchitectures on size scales relevant to living systems (from microns to nanometers), microfabrication technology offers unique opportunities to more precisely engineer devices for molecular delivery and targeting. These multi-scale structures correspond well with hierarchical biological structures, from proteins and sub-cellular organelles to the tissue and organ levels. 2:45 Implantable Microchips for Drug Delivery There is growing interest in the use of microchips as delivery systems for pharmaceuticals, diagnostic reagents, and other chemicals. Our prototype microchips contain an array of sealed micro-reservoirs, each of which is filled with a chemical to be delivered. We were the first to demonstrate the storage and in vitro release of multiple chemicals from a microchip. Recently, our technology has advanced to allow controlled chemical release from subcutaneously implanted microchip devices. This in vivo demonstration of chemical release from a microchip represents a significant step toward the development of "smart" drug delivery systems. 3:15 Microfabricated Particles for Drug Delivery Microfabrication provides a new approach for formulating drug delivery particles for oral, pulmonary and intravenous routes of administration. Microfabrication provides unique features to enhance drug delivery of biologic and traditional drugs including precise control of the size and shape of the particles, flexibility in the types of materials, use of microreservoirs for encapsulating drugs for immediate or sustained release and use of biological ligands for targeting. 3:45 Refreshment break and Poster/Exhibit Viewing 4:15 Piezoelectric Biomedical Microsystems Piezoelectric materials have been integrated on silicon-based MEMS structures to form surgical, diagnostic, and therapeutic microinstruments. This paper reviews several multi-disciplinary projects previously carried out including 1) MEMS in ophthalmology, 2) MEMS in vitro fertilization, 3) drug discovery arrays, 4) miniature mass spectrometers, and 5) drug delivery systems. Technology opportunities, limitations, and trade-off are addressed from the perspective of meeting physician-driven needs. 4:45 Microelectronic Array Systems for DNA Diagnostic, Pharmacogenomic and Drug Discovery Applications Active microelectronic array systems are being developed for applications in DNA diagnostics, pharmacogenomic research and drug discovery. These microarray devices allow charged reagent and analyte molecules, including DNA, RNA, oligonucleotide probes, amplicons antibodies,proteins, enzymes, nanostructures, cells, and even semiconductor structures to be moved to or from any of the microscopic test sites on the device surface. A research laboratory system (Molecular Biology Workstation and NanoChipTM) has been designed to provide the end-user with "make your own chip" capabilities. Additionally, in collaboration with Aventis/Selectide R & D groups, Nanogen is investigating the use of active electronic devices for the development of high throughput screening systems for carrying out kinase, phosphatase, and protease enzyme inhibitor assays. This technology may prove useful for drug discovery applications. 5:15 Biomedical Microsystems for Minimally Invasive Medical Procedures Traditional surgery for many medical problems, including gallstones, endometriosis, and various cancers, usually requires long, deep incisions and a lengthy recovery period. Minimally invasive surgery, also known as ŇkeyholeÓ or "band-aid" surgery, has been used for several years as an alternative to traditional "open" surgery. Minimally invasive procedures for both diagnostics and therapeutics have generated much attention from clinicians, patients, and healthcare administrators for their ability to reduce patient pain, scarring, and hospital stays. Current tools for minimally invasive procedures typically tend to operate as mechanical appendages of the clinician, but with absence of touch-and-feel sensations and only limited vision. The ability of MEMS technology to develop miniature, low-cost, and sophisticated transducers is particularly attractive for the development of smart surgical tools that enhance clinical efficacy. The talk will present an overview of current and upcoming applications of MEMS technology in cardiology, neurology, and orthopedics that are under development at The Cleveland Clinic Foundation and other institutions. Device examples will include pressure sensors, accelerometers, strain gauges, flow meters, valves, pumps, imaging transducers, drug delivery systems, and cutting tools. 5:45 End of Day One 6:00-8:00 Cocktail Reception sponsored by Foley and Lardner Friday, May 18, 2001 8:00 Poster/Exhibit Viewing, Coffee and Pastries APPLICATION AND COMMERCIALIZATION PROSPECTS8:50 Chairperson's Opening Remarks 9:00 Rapid Time to Market for Commercial BioMEMS Advances in microfabrication technology have opened the doors to novel bioMEMS. Research in universities and laboratories has demonstrated functionality and application in medical markets. However, challenges in rapidly transferring technology into products have impeded the introduction of commercial bioMEMS. Solutions to these issues involve integrating product development through involvement of experts in both MEMS and medical markets. IntelliSense outlines successful strategies for the rapid development of commercial bioMEMS. 9:30 Introduction of MEMS into the Healthcare Arena: Challenges and Opportunities The healthcare marketplace is a complex arena driven by numerous competing factors involving patients, healthcare providers, and payers. As a result, the introduction of disruptive technologies such as MEMS into this field has been slow and deliberate. A review of the emerging market drivers that will positively and negatively influence the eventual large-scale commercialization of MEMS-based products for healthcare applications such as drug delivery will be provided. Examples of MEMS-based product development efforts at Baxter Healthcare will be presented against the backdrop established by these market drivers. 10:00 The Changing U.S. Patent System: Now and Just Ahead The U.S. patent system is in a period of unprecedented change. Changes in patent term, publication policy, and reexamination procedures are all part of the rapidly shifting landscape. This talk will survey recent changes in the patent system and their potential impact on inventors and patent owners. Looking into the future, one might expect even greater changes, as developments in computer-assisted inventing, on the one hand, and natural language processing, on the other, may bring fundamental changes in the way inventions are made and examined. The second part of the talk considers the patent landscape just ahead, to see how computers may be shaping a brave new world for patents. 10:30 Refreshment break and Poster/Exhibit Viewing BIOMEMS MICRO TO MACRO DYNAMICS11:00 Molecular Recognition and Kinetics Studies Using Micromechanics This talk presents a cantilever-based sensor with integrated read-out, which holds promises as a fast and cheap "point of care" device as well as an interesting research tool. The technique involves no labelling of the molecules by fluorescent, magnetic or radioactive markers and bulky detection schemes like laser scans, CCD imaging or radiography are avoided. We demonstrate the use of the sensor for simple and sensitive in-situ studies of the kinetics of thiol-modified DNA-oligo immobilisation on gold and the sensor directly monitors the stress formed in the assembled DNA-oligo layer. Moreover, hybridisation signals can be detected. Thus, the sensor might be used as a micromechanical biosensor, and several cantilevers functionalised with different DNA species can be operated in parallel. Such a system offers an attractive direct electrical hybridisation read-out, which makes the detection scheme very compact. 11:30 Biochemical IC Chip Fabricated by Micro Stereo Lithography Versatile micro fluidic device named "Biochemical IC" based on the family IC chip-set concept has been proposed and developed by Ikuta and his group. New micro stereo lithography (Hybrid IH Process) to make three dimensional composite structure consisting UV polymer and other micro parts was developed and was utilized for chip fabrication. Today's best resolution of micro stereo lithography has reached to 200 nano meter. Several types of biochemical IC containing multiple micro fluidic devices such as reactors, concentrators, valves and micropumps have been developed. A luminous enzyme of firefly was synthesized from DNA in these chips. By using these biochemical IC chips, future chemists will be able to construct various kind of micro reaction systems in their own laboratory quickly. 12:00 Lunch on your own NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN MICROFABRICATION TECHNOLOGIES1:10 Chairperson's Opening Remarks 1:15 Enabling Technologies for Highly Integrated Microsystems Used in Biological Detection Seemingly unrelated developments in various areas of sensing and control technologies are now graciously converging to allow packing of powerful chemical and biological detection functions in portable and wearable instruments. Such instruments require the driving and dosing of very precise quantities of fluids, complex fluidic processing for sample preparation, systems for the detection of the desired species and signal processing electronics. Honeywell has been at the forefront of development for miniaturized flow sensors, low power actuators for flow control, integrated optics and photonic devices and control electronics. The broad technological base available at Honeywell Labs is now being used in the development of a wearable cytometer for blood analysis. The concept of the instrument and the different technologies that will be used in its development will be presented. The applicability of these technologies and their value for other microsystems will be explored. 1:45 Molecular Understanding and Control of the Advanced Materials Biology Interface Understanding and control of the molecular interface between biology and artificial materials is crucial to the success of micro-fabricated systems and devices for application in the bio-sciences. In such applications where surface area to volume ratioŐs are extreme, interfacial interactions dominate during both manufacture and use. Examples to highlight such interfacial interactions and demonstrate molecular engineered of interfaces and their components for diagnostics devices will be given. 2:15 Design and Engineering of Bio-Molecular Devices and Microsystems Abstract not available at time of print. 2:45 Refreshment break and Poster/Exhibit Viewing 3:15 Plastic-Based, Integrated Microfluidics in DNA Analytical Systems Microfluidics will revolutionize genetic analysis through the benefits of device miniaturization and functional integration resulting in cycle time reduction and reagent cost and labor intensity savings. Successful commercialization of this technology will be possible when low cost fabrication methods of disposable devices are available. In this presentation, we will discuss design, fabrication, and testing of plastic microfluidic devices for on-chip genetic tests. We will describe device components performing analytical functions and path to the component integration. 3:45 Microfluidic Disposables: From Development to Mass Fabrication The combination of various microstructuring technologies enables the design of a great variety of microfluidic reaction platform for biological assays. The capability to mass fabricate such Lab-on-a-Chip devices in a cost-effective way by injection molding allows their use in research and medical diagnostics. STEAG microParts is especially experienced in the development and mass fabrication of plastic microstructure products. Recent product developments are microfluidic microtiter plates for clinical microbiology, disposable polymer platforms for DNA hybridization assays, and microfluidic components for analytical instrumentation. Results on the performance of these BioMEMS will be presented. 4:15 Laser-Machined Microfluidic Devices for Electrospray Mass Spectrometry This talk will provide an overview of recent work on microfluidics/mass spectrometry at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. Flow rates generated by microfluidic devices are similar to those required for electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), making the techniques highly compatible. One important advantage of using MS as microchip detector is that MS can provide rapid molecular weight and structural information for the positive identification of analytes. Development of microfluidic devices fabricated on polymer substrates using laser-micromachining technology will be described. Applications of the microfluidic devices for rapid and automated on-line protein sample cleanup, fractionation, and separation prior to MS characterization will be discussed. 4:45 General Discussion 5:00 Chairperson's Closing Remarks & End of Conference Call for PostersSelected Oral Presentations and Call for Posters
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